{"id":74,"date":"2020-11-28T08:56:42","date_gmt":"2020-11-28T08:56:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/datasciencebasic.com\/?p=74"},"modified":"2021-03-06T09:22:47","modified_gmt":"2021-03-06T09:22:47","slug":"hoc-may-machine-learning-la-gi-phan-loai-cac-thuat-toan-hoc-may","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/datasciencebasic.com\/?p=74","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y (Machine learning) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y (machine learning) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng qua suy lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 quy lu\u1eadt m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y, ph\u00e2n nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (Artificial Intelligence) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y (Machine learning) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>So s\u00e1nh Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><em>H\u1ecdc c\u00f3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t (Supervised Learning)<\/em><\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><em>H\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t (Unsupervised Learning)<\/em><\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><em>H\u1ecdc C\u1ee7ng C\u1ed1 (Reinforcement Learning)<\/em><\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y (Machine learning) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thay \u0111\u1ed5i cu\u1ed9c ch\u01a1i nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t trong th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua. Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u1ea1nh tranh, h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y \u0111ang cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty theo d\u00f5i nhanh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n sang th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho r\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI) \/ Machine learning l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0nh d\u1ecdc, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 thanh to\u00e1n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n gian l\u1eadn trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, hay \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng trong th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u00e0y nay, m\u1ecdi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean Internet \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y \u1edf h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y hay h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c. H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u0111i s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y l\u00e0 g\u00ec, \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (Artificial Intelligence) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y l\u00e0 g\u00ec, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI). AI \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. L\u00e0m cho m\u00e1y t\u00ednh suy ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 theo c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o. AI t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef chung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 suy ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u00e0o th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi th\u00f4ng qua suy lu\u1eadn, ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng AI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y (Machine learning) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y, AI \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cao h\u01a1n vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh s\u1eb5n. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi Machine learning tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh, c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh AI ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p trong c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf kinh doanh, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng minh ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n AI ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh s\u1eb5n v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i. H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, \u1edf ch\u1ed7 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng tin h\u1eefu \u00edch. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn (big data), m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i AI n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, v\u00ec l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea. H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ed1t l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y, l\u1edbn c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn do l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00f4ng tin tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i m\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u01b0u gi\u1eef. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 x\u1eed l\u00fd theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00e0ng s\u1ea1ch, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y c\u00e0ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o. Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ba nh\u00f3m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y: H\u1ecdc c\u00f3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t (Supervised Learning), H\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t (Unsupervised Learning), H\u1ecdc C\u1ee7ng C\u1ed1 (Reinforcement Learning).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>So s\u00e1nh Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 Douglas Hofstadter t\u1eebng n\u00f3i: &#8220;AI l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.&#8221; Theo logic n\u00e0y, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 n\u00e0o trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p con c\u1ee7a AI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u00e0y nay, thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef &#8216;tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o&#8217; \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef chung \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c gi\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Theo quy lu\u1eadt chung, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 AI \u0111ang h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t h\u01a1n, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch tr\u1ebb m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft \u0111i suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi xung quanh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a AI t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch cho m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 &#8220;h\u1eb9p&#8221; th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai cho c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p &#8220;t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t&#8221;; nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mong \u0111\u1ee3i t\u1eeb tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p con c\u1ee7a AI d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh t\u0129nh cho m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh AI m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ngay c\u1ea3 sau khi ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng lu\u00f4n thay \u0111\u1ed5i. H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y c\u0169ng bao g\u1ed3m Deep learning, m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh h\u1ecdc chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t n\u1eafm gi\u1eef ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a AI. Deep learning s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1ea7n kinh (neural network), m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a n\u00e3o ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1ea7n kinh (neural network) d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t cho nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u AI, v\u00ec n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng n\u00e3o ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ea7n g\u0169i h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"586\" height=\"277\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/datasciencebasic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/type-of-ML.png?resize=586%2C277&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-75\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/datasciencebasic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/type-of-ML.png?w=586&amp;ssl=1 586w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/datasciencebasic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/type-of-ML.png?resize=300%2C142&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 586px) 100vw, 586px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y, m\u1ed7i c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m ri\u00eang. \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u01b0u v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i xem lo\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 ch\u00fang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y, c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u &#8211; d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn nh\u00e3n v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn nh\u00e3n. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn nh\u00e3n c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra trong m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ee9c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eafn nh\u00e3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn nh\u00e3n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tham s\u1ed1 n\u00e0o \u1edf d\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ee9c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng ba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p sau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>H\u1ecdc c\u00f3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t (Supervised Learning)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1ecdc c\u00f3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t. Trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 g\u1eafn nh\u00e3n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn nh\u00e3n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u1ecf (training dataset) \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. T\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd. T\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p cho thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn nh\u00e3n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho b\u00e0i to\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau \u0111\u00f3, thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n t\u00ecm m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 cho tr\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn trong t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. \u1ede cu\u1ed1i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, m\u00e0 n\u00f3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 theo c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ngay c\u1ea3 sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c m\u1eabu v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi khi n\u00f3 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>H\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t (Unsupervised Learning)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn nh\u00e3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, cho ph\u00e9p ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y c\u00f3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, c\u00e1c nh\u00e3n cho ph\u00e9p thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n t\u00ecm ra b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa hai \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u1ea9n. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c theo c\u00e1ch tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u1ea9n n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t tr\u1edf n\u00ean linh ho\u1ea1t. Thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u1ea9n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n sau tri\u1ec3n khai nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y c\u00f3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>H\u1ecdc C\u1ee7ng C\u1ed1 (Reinforcement Learning)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u1ea5y c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1ch con ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed-v\u00e0-sai. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u ra thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ho\u1eb7c \u2018c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1\u2019, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u ra kh\u00f4ng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ho\u1eb7c \u2018b\u1ecb tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t\u2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m t\u00e2m l\u00fd v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, h\u1ecdc t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi tr\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng khen th\u01b0\u1edfng. Trong m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a cho tr\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 li\u1ec7u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00ecm ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, tr\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cung c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng cho thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n. N\u1ebfu k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i, thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa hai \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3, l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cao th\u00ec thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n sau khi tri\u1ec3n khai. T\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y th\u00edch \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh d\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y r\u1ea5t linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf cho nh\u1eefng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng trung b\u00ecnh trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ch\u0103m s\u00f3c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty B2C l\u1edbn hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n m\u00e1y h\u1ecdc x\u1eed l\u00fd ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 chatbots. C\u00e1c chatbot n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ch\u0103m s\u00f3c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y c\u0169ng gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh cho c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn. Facebook, Netflix, Google v\u00e0 Amazon \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0a ra qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o cho t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3t th\u00edch v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Facebook \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t cho news feed tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 Facebook v\u00e0 Instagram, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng. Netflix thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 phim v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1edf th\u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Google s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y cho c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t video c\u1ee7a YouTube, v\u00e0 trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c. Amazon s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 mu\u1ed1n mua.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y (machine learning) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-74","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kien-thuc"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/datasciencebasic.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/datasciencebasic.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/datasciencebasic.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datasciencebasic.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datasciencebasic.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=74"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/datasciencebasic.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":81,"href":"https:\/\/datasciencebasic.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74\/revisions\/81"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/datasciencebasic.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=74"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datasciencebasic.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=74"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datasciencebasic.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=74"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}